Pulmonary Infections — Community & Hospital-Acquired

By completing this question set, you will be able to classify pneumonia by anatomic pattern (lobar, bronchopneumonia, interstitial/atypical) and match each pattern to its most common organisms. You will identify S. pneumoniae as the most common CAP organism and distinguish it by Gram stain, culture features, sputum characteristics, and clinical associations. You will recognize atypical pneumonia organisms (Mycoplasma, Legionella, Chlamydophila) from their characteristic presentations and explain why β-lactams are ineffective. You will identify Legionella from its distinctive multisystem features. You will apply HAP/VAP principles including Pseudomonas coverage. You will distinguish aspiration pneumonitis (chemical) from aspiration pneumonia (infectious) and predict the affected lobe by body position. You will stratify pneumonia risk by CD4 count in HIV patients, identify PJP from characteristic features, and distinguish invasive Aspergillus from ABPA. You will describe the CF colonization sequence and the significance of Burkholderia cepacia. You will identify viral pneumonia complications including secondary bacterial superinfection.